With the acceleration of industrialization, more and more commodities need to be effectively protected. Compared with other packaging materials, corrugated cardboard boxes have their own advantages: low cost, easy recycling, small size before molding, and high strength, which are favored by customers.
Effectively protecting the contents is the meaning of corrugated boxes, and increasing the degree of attention to the reliability of cartons has become particularly important. In other words, whether the box can complete the functions of stacking, warehousing, circulation, etc. in its entire life. Whether a box can be given these excellent reliability, and the structural design and reasonable cost are affected by many factors.
Next, the author talks about some of the more important influencing factors that he thinks.
The effect of base paper on the reliability of corrugated boxes
Starting from the base paper manufacturer, it has had an impact on the compression resistance of the carton. Corrugated base paper is the basic material for carton production. Whether the performance of the base paper is good is directly related to the quality of the final carton. To produce cartons with qualified compressive strength to effectively ensure the reliability of the cartons, we must first control the quality of the original paper.
Ring compression strength is an important indicator to measure the performance of the base paper (as shown in Figure 1). Cut it along the horizontal direction of the base paper into 152.4mmX12.7mm samples, and perform a pressure test on the press, and record the maximum force value the base paper bears in the deformation range is the ring compression strength.
In general, the paper with good ring compression strength has good toughness and strength of paper fibers, and the compressive performance of the carton made is relatively good; on the contrary, the ring compression strength of the paper is too low, and the compressive strength of the carton The worse.
Effect of moisture content on carton reliability
Moisture content is also an important indicator that affects the performance of paperboard. If the paper fiber used is loose and porous, it can easily absorb moisture in the air, and the increase in water content will greatly reduce the compressive strength of the carton, resulting in deformation and collapse during transportation and stacking. Choosing high-quality fiber and closely arranged base paper can effectively solve the problem of paper water absorption. At the same time, the waterproof work of the carton should also be done. Good waterproof treatment is very necessary for the storage and transportation of high-humidity products in high-humidity environments.
The new version of the national standard "Corrugated Cardboard" GB / T6544-2008 stipulates that the moisture content of the cardboard should not be greater than 14%, which specifies an upper limit for the moisture content of the cardboard. Too much water in the cardboard will affect its normal use. But it is worth mentioning that the national standard does not give a specific lower limit value. In fact, the low moisture content of paperboard is also not in line with the actual production situation. It is found in daily work that when the moisture content of paperboard is generally above 7%, it is more suitable for processing and production. It can be seen that too high or too low moisture content of paperboard is undesirable, it is necessary to maintain an appropriate level.
The Effect of Corrugated Paperboard Sizing and Its Proportion on Carton Reliability
Corrugated cardboard manufacturers, sizing is a relatively important part in the processing of corrugated cardboard. The amount of glue directly affects the quality of corrugated cardboard. Too much glue will cause corrugated cardboard to appear corrugated, wrinkled, and high moisture content, which will affect the physical properties of the cardboard, and will also cause many problems in the processing process, which will bury hidden dangers in the quality of the final carton; If the amount is too small, the corrugated cardboard layer will not be firmly bonded between layers, and the phenomenon of cracking will appear, which will also have a great impact on processing and boxing.
An important indicator to measure the compressive strength of paperboard is: edge compression strength. (as shown in picture 2)
The measurement of the edge pressure strength is to cut the corrugated cardboard according to the sample cut out as shown in the figure (sample size: 100mmX25mm), pressurized by the press, and the instrument reads the maximum pressure value the cardboard bears when it is crushed, which is the edge pressure strength . If the above-mentioned cardboard opening and other conditions are encountered, the corrugated paper is separated and the compression resistance of the cardboard is weakened, which is ultimately less than the expected compression effect. Therefore, the adhesive strength of corrugated cardboard should be strictly controlled.
In addition, the ratio of cardboard is also a key. Corrugated cardboard with qualified strength is used in the production of corrugated boxes, and a reasonable combination is the basic condition to ensure the compressive strength of the cardboard boxes. Nowadays, the production situation of cardboard is developing in the direction of high strength and low grammage. Not only to reduce the production cost of base paper, but also to improve its own performance. Through the adjustment of market supply and demand, the quantitative types of boxboard and corrugated base paper are enriched. The base paper with similar strength and basis weight should be matched as much as possible, so that the role of each layer of paper can be fully utilized, and each use is best It also enhances the stability of corrugated cardboard. [next]
Influence of design on carton reliability
While paying attention to the physical properties of raw materials, it is often easy to ignore the impact of carton design on its reliability. First, the designer should have a certain understanding of the contents, such as: dimensions, geometric center, vulnerable parts, etc., and then allocate a reasonable box shape to establish a good stacking arrangement; second, the packaged objects Carry out preliminary packaging design, evaluate the design through actual assessment or simulation test; finally complete a packaging design task.
Here we focus on the impact of printing and opening on the box. Of course, it is better to make the box simpler and more practical, but in most cases, it is difficult to avoid these processing techniques.
1. The impact of printing design on the cabinet
As the surface of the transport box, the larger the printing area, the greater the drop in strength, and the influence of the end face is greater than that of the side face.
Let's take a look at the change in box strength after printing.
(1) As shown in Figure 3, when the box surface is fully printed, the pressure resistance of the empty box will drop by about 40%.
(2) As shown in Figure 4, printing in the middle of the box will reduce the pressure resistance by about 37%.
(3) As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, when printing in the situation shown, the compressive strength will drop by about 5% and 30%.
Therefore, it is recommended that if it is used as a promotion, it is appropriate to print the promotion function on a relatively independent small package. The smaller the printing area, the simpler the design, the better. If necessary, there is a clear logo.
2. The effect of slotted design on the cabinet
Since the opening can be regarded as a damage to the carton, for this reason: the larger the opening, the lower the strength; the closer to the corner, the lower the strength; the closer to the center line, the smaller the strength drop; the closer to the center point, the strength The smaller the drop; the less the cut corrugation, the smaller the strength drop; try to use scattered openings, which will be better than concentrated openings.
Following this principle will help improve the compression resistance of the carton. At the same time, some methods can be used to compensate, for example: reasonable design of the size, shape and location of the opening; paste reinforcement ribs at or near the opening; add partitions, liners and other measures inside the box.
Finally, the overall performance of the box can be evaluated through the compression test of the empty box. The test method is shown in Figure 7: Place the folded and formed empty box (the cover of the box lid is sealed with tape) on the press to conduct a pressure test. The instrument reads that the box can withstand when it is crushed within a certain deformation range The maximum pressure value is the pressure value of the empty box under no-load static pressure. If the performance of the corrugated cardboard is poor due to some improper links, it is easier for the box shape variable to increase continuously during the compression test, resulting in the final effective force value being too low. After the test, the box body is crushed and deformed, affecting its Use performance.
It should be pointed out here that the above test was conducted under static conditions and is not applicable to the actual situation of the package during circulation.
In order to meet the transportation requirements, the pressure value of the empty box measured under static load conditions is often multiplied by a value, which is the safety factor K (K> 1). The calculation of K value should be through the evaluation of temperature and humidity environment, stacking time, stacking method, loading and unloading circulation method, etc. or the printing process, carton length, width, height and size and ratio, carton opening method and position, die cutting process, etc. Calculated.
The choice of safety factor is mainly affected by three aspects: one is the storage and transportation conditions, corresponding to different safety factors for roads, railways, mountain roads, waterways, etc .; the second is the structure of the packaging box, such as whether there is lining or hard pads in the carton Blocks; etc. The third is the value of the package. Considering all factors, select the most appropriate safety factor.
When buying a carton, you should choose a carton of appropriate strength for the packaged product. If the selected strength is too strong, it will increase the customer's packaging cost and generate unnecessary costs; if the strength is too low, it will not provide the corresponding protection for the packaged product.
To ensure the reliability of the carton means to ensure that it will complete its task in its own life. Through effective control and regular inspection of the above factors, we can ensure the reliability of the carton, make the storage and transportation of commodities safer, reduce losses, and increase the value of the box.
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