2. It is imperative to choose good tree species and forest management methods to establish fast-growing and high-yielding industrial raw material forest bases. The choice of tree species and forest management methods is very important. Poplar has been recognized as a fast-growing forest tree species, and is relatively unfamiliar with eucalyptus. Eucalyptus is a fast-growing rhizobia in non-legumes, capable of fixing nitrogen on its own, and has a 11-month growth period in the climate of Hunan Province. Therefore, it grows quickly and has excellent material quality. It is a good pulp and papermaking industry. material. This tree species is both resistant to moisture and can be planted in hilly areas, so it should be vigorously promoted. In the mountainous areas, foreign pines and masson pine are fast-growing materials, which should be planted in accordance with local conditions. Other fast-growing species can also be introduced. In the way of forest management, since the purpose of the cultivation of paper-making raw material forests and artificial board-based raw material forests is to produce fibers rather than large-diameter materials, the final harvest age should be determined according to this target.
3. It is necessary to promote the integration of capitalization and other forms of business integration in the forestry marketization of forestry and paper industry, and it is a market transaction behavior under the rule of law. Under the current system, the transaction cost of realizing forestry-paper integration is very high or even untradable. The fundamental reason is institutional obstacles. The government has too many controls over the industry's inconsistent with market economic laws, that is, the degree of marketization is low. Industrial marketization refers to the process of continuous increase in the degree of industrial marketization (ie, the ratio of market allocation resources). In terms of forestry, the paper industry entered the market earlier. In the 1980s when the entire national economy was "mainly based on planned economy and the market was supplemented by adjustment," the paper traded mainly on market adjustment. In recent years, due to the large number of foreign investment and the rapid development of the private paper industry, the degree of marketization in the capital structure has greatly improved. However, due to the special status and historical origin of forestry, it is still "based on planned economy" and its degree of marketization is very low. According to the statistical analysis of the survey, China's timber taxes and fees reached more than 20, accounting for more than 50% of a sales price, and some places even more than 70% of the timber sales price. Because of the separation of government and enterprises, the entire process of forestry industry is artificially divided into three parts: forest management, forest industry, and circulation. As a result, taxation links are changed, and the scope of taxation is expanded, resulting in multiple taxation and repeated tax collection. . It is extremely difficult or even impossible for a forestry with a low degree of marketization and a paper industry with a high degree of marketization to achieve integration in a market economy. Therefore, the government must make up its mind to gradually eliminate institutional barriers and create a relaxed, free, and orderly economic environment for forestry (industrial forest plantation only) and paper industry, and promote forestry and paper in the process of accelerating industrial marketization. Change.
4. The source of funding must be guaranteed If the predicted new consumer demand fully considers domestic self-sufficiency, the paper industry needs to invest 490 billion yuan to achieve the expected level of paper and paper product consumption. At present, the average annual investment in paper industry in China is approximately 10 billion yuan. yuan. In other words, from 2002 to 2015, China's paper and paperboard needs an additional production capacity of 43 million tons, and the need for new pulp production is 43 million tons. Among them, by the year 2005, a new paper and board production capacity of 14 million tons will be required, and a new pulp production capacity of 15 million tons will be required. The estimated investment amount is 160 billion yuan. If China's paper and paperboard consumption exceeds 80 million tons by 2015, it will need to invest 490 billion yuan, an average annual investment of about 32 billion yuan.
It is necessary to actively introduce foreign capital and private capital to participate in the construction of forestry-paper integration projects and raise construction funds through multiple channels. To encourage and support enterprises in the construction of integrated forestry and paper projects, mobilize the enthusiasm of bank loans and guide the investment of social funds. The state allocates 5-10 billion yuan of funds each year from specific budgetary fiscal investments or government bonds, and specifically supports forest-paper integration projects with interest subsidies and capital injections.
5. Implementing a number of policy preferences The State shall implement overall plans for the planning of raw material forest bases in the papermaking industry, the protection of natural forests, the protection project for the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the project of returning farmland to forests and grasslands. Any project that can play an ecological protection or return farmland to forests and grasslands The combined raw material forest base should be regarded as equivalent to the ecological protection project or to the corresponding policy support for the project of returning farmland to forest and grassland. The construction cancelled the second special agricultural and forestry product tax; the “three fees†for papermaking forest bases were changed to three levels in the provinces and counties. Most of the papermaking and raw material forest construction units raised their own use and were exempted from various taxes and fees for papermaking and forestry. The comprehensive utilization of the "three remaining materials" and the second-smallest fuel wood, paper-making enterprises implement a value-added tax "is immediately refundable." Focus on supporting the large-scale development of large-scale paper-making enterprises, inject capital into leading enterprises or convert liabilities into state capital, and implement preferential policies on the debts of merger companies. The state appropriately relaxes the conditions for forestry-paper integration companies and large groups, encourages their listing, and raises development funds in the capital market.
6. Promoting resource optimization and technological progress Papermaking companies should be market-oriented and use assets as a link to optimize the allocation of resources to achieve cross-ownership, cross-regional, cross-sector, and cross-industry alliances, and to establish a standardized forest-paper combination of organizational forms. , Vigorously develop the paper industry raw material forest base. In accordance with the implementation of the modern enterprise system, a multi-format forest-paper integration of large companies and large group companies has been established. In the project arrangement, there must be multiple forms of corporate legal entity that combine forestry and paper. At present, in domestic pulp and papermaking equipment, there is a large demand in the domestic market for chemical machinery pulp and packaging board production equipment. It is proposed that on the basis of introduction, digestion, and absorption, the research and development of domestic pulp and paper equipment should be intensified and implemented first. The national production of 200,000-300,000 tons of packaging paperboard and the annual production of 50,000-100,000 tons of chemical mechanical pulp production technology and equipment, the state should give necessary support outside the capital.
Rely on scientific and technological progress, use high-tech and practical technologies to improve the traditional papermaking industry and upgrade the technological structure of the paper industry. At the same time, scientific forest management and management are carried out on papermaking raw material forest bases to increase the output rate. To apply modern forestry techniques and to promote the use of artificially planted eucalyptus, masson pine, Italian poplar, triploid Chinese white poplar and other applicable fast-growing tree species in light of the characteristics of papermaking raw materials, we must be able to properly grow trees and make efforts to increase the output of papermaking forests. Rate, implement the process of cultivation and management, enhance the vitality of the papermaking forest base itself.
Experts predict that by 2010 the national output of paper and board will reach 50 million tons, and by the proportion of 25% wood pulp, the annual consumption of paper materials will reach 60 million cubic meters, and it is expected that 10 million cubic meters will be obtained from the country's fast growing forest. Wood has made a great development in China's paper industry.
3. It is necessary to promote the integration of capitalization and other forms of business integration in the forestry marketization of forestry and paper industry, and it is a market transaction behavior under the rule of law. Under the current system, the transaction cost of realizing forestry-paper integration is very high or even untradable. The fundamental reason is institutional obstacles. The government has too many controls over the industry's inconsistent with market economic laws, that is, the degree of marketization is low. Industrial marketization refers to the process of continuous increase in the degree of industrial marketization (ie, the ratio of market allocation resources). In terms of forestry, the paper industry entered the market earlier. In the 1980s when the entire national economy was "mainly based on planned economy and the market was supplemented by adjustment," the paper traded mainly on market adjustment. In recent years, due to the large number of foreign investment and the rapid development of the private paper industry, the degree of marketization in the capital structure has greatly improved. However, due to the special status and historical origin of forestry, it is still "based on planned economy" and its degree of marketization is very low. According to the statistical analysis of the survey, China's timber taxes and fees reached more than 20, accounting for more than 50% of a sales price, and some places even more than 70% of the timber sales price. Because of the separation of government and enterprises, the entire process of forestry industry is artificially divided into three parts: forest management, forest industry, and circulation. As a result, taxation links are changed, and the scope of taxation is expanded, resulting in multiple taxation and repeated tax collection. . It is extremely difficult or even impossible for a forestry with a low degree of marketization and a paper industry with a high degree of marketization to achieve integration in a market economy. Therefore, the government must make up its mind to gradually eliminate institutional barriers and create a relaxed, free, and orderly economic environment for forestry (industrial forest plantation only) and paper industry, and promote forestry and paper in the process of accelerating industrial marketization. Change.
4. The source of funding must be guaranteed If the predicted new consumer demand fully considers domestic self-sufficiency, the paper industry needs to invest 490 billion yuan to achieve the expected level of paper and paper product consumption. At present, the average annual investment in paper industry in China is approximately 10 billion yuan. yuan. In other words, from 2002 to 2015, China's paper and paperboard needs an additional production capacity of 43 million tons, and the need for new pulp production is 43 million tons. Among them, by the year 2005, a new paper and board production capacity of 14 million tons will be required, and a new pulp production capacity of 15 million tons will be required. The estimated investment amount is 160 billion yuan. If China's paper and paperboard consumption exceeds 80 million tons by 2015, it will need to invest 490 billion yuan, an average annual investment of about 32 billion yuan.
It is necessary to actively introduce foreign capital and private capital to participate in the construction of forestry-paper integration projects and raise construction funds through multiple channels. To encourage and support enterprises in the construction of integrated forestry and paper projects, mobilize the enthusiasm of bank loans and guide the investment of social funds. The state allocates 5-10 billion yuan of funds each year from specific budgetary fiscal investments or government bonds, and specifically supports forest-paper integration projects with interest subsidies and capital injections.
5. Implementing a number of policy preferences The State shall implement overall plans for the planning of raw material forest bases in the papermaking industry, the protection of natural forests, the protection project for the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the project of returning farmland to forests and grasslands. Any project that can play an ecological protection or return farmland to forests and grasslands The combined raw material forest base should be regarded as equivalent to the ecological protection project or to the corresponding policy support for the project of returning farmland to forest and grassland. The construction cancelled the second special agricultural and forestry product tax; the “three fees†for papermaking forest bases were changed to three levels in the provinces and counties. Most of the papermaking and raw material forest construction units raised their own use and were exempted from various taxes and fees for papermaking and forestry. The comprehensive utilization of the "three remaining materials" and the second-smallest fuel wood, paper-making enterprises implement a value-added tax "is immediately refundable." Focus on supporting the large-scale development of large-scale paper-making enterprises, inject capital into leading enterprises or convert liabilities into state capital, and implement preferential policies on the debts of merger companies. The state appropriately relaxes the conditions for forestry-paper integration companies and large groups, encourages their listing, and raises development funds in the capital market.
6. Promoting resource optimization and technological progress Papermaking companies should be market-oriented and use assets as a link to optimize the allocation of resources to achieve cross-ownership, cross-regional, cross-sector, and cross-industry alliances, and to establish a standardized forest-paper combination of organizational forms. , Vigorously develop the paper industry raw material forest base. In accordance with the implementation of the modern enterprise system, a multi-format forest-paper integration of large companies and large group companies has been established. In the project arrangement, there must be multiple forms of corporate legal entity that combine forestry and paper. At present, in domestic pulp and papermaking equipment, there is a large demand in the domestic market for chemical machinery pulp and packaging board production equipment. It is proposed that on the basis of introduction, digestion, and absorption, the research and development of domestic pulp and paper equipment should be intensified and implemented first. The national production of 200,000-300,000 tons of packaging paperboard and the annual production of 50,000-100,000 tons of chemical mechanical pulp production technology and equipment, the state should give necessary support outside the capital.
Rely on scientific and technological progress, use high-tech and practical technologies to improve the traditional papermaking industry and upgrade the technological structure of the paper industry. At the same time, scientific forest management and management are carried out on papermaking raw material forest bases to increase the output rate. To apply modern forestry techniques and to promote the use of artificially planted eucalyptus, masson pine, Italian poplar, triploid Chinese white poplar and other applicable fast-growing tree species in light of the characteristics of papermaking raw materials, we must be able to properly grow trees and make efforts to increase the output of papermaking forests. Rate, implement the process of cultivation and management, enhance the vitality of the papermaking forest base itself.
Experts predict that by 2010 the national output of paper and board will reach 50 million tons, and by the proportion of 25% wood pulp, the annual consumption of paper materials will reach 60 million cubic meters, and it is expected that 10 million cubic meters will be obtained from the country's fast growing forest. Wood has made a great development in China's paper industry.
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