Telomerase is a special ribonucleoprotein polymerase that can use its RNA as a template to synthesize telomeres, thereby making up for the shortening of telomeres caused by replication. A large amount of data proves that the activation of telomerase is one of the important mechanisms of tumorigenesis and development. Telomerase activity can be detected in various tumor tissues in various systems of the human body, and its positive rate can be as high as about 85% to 95%. In normal tissues and benign tumors, its activity is only 3% to 4%, so telomerase has become a new type of tumor marker.
Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor of the respiratory system, and chemotherapy is one of the main treatments for lung cancer. The development and utilization of new antitumor drugs is one of the current important research topics. Oridonin is an effective anti-cancer ingredient extracted from Oridon. Its main chemical structure is a diterpenoid compound, which is the pharmacological basis for the treatment of malignant tumors.
Apoptosis is only a short period in the process of cell death, and not all cells undergo apoptosis. These are two different ways of qualitative changes in lung cancer SPCA-21 cells. The final outcome is that cell growth stops and cells Fragmentation and death. Apoptotic cells gradually atrophy, their volume becomes smaller, the chromatin in the cells is concentrated, or close to the edge of the cell membrane, forming a unique sign of apoptosis-apoptotic bodies, and eventually nuclear fragmentation occurs, forming a different inside the cell The size of nuclear cleavage fragments, and then apoptotic cells undergo secondary cell membrane changes at the end of apoptosis and become secondary necrosis.
Telomerase activity is significantly increased in malignant tumors, of which the activity of lung cancer cells is the highest, and the change of telomerase activity is closely related to the occurrence and development of lung cancer. Experts have done the following research experiments: taking lung cancer SPCA-21 cells as the research object, detecting the effects of different drug concentrations on cell telomerase activity, and exploring the mechanism of oridonin on lung cancer SPCA-21 cells.
The results of the study show that under the action of lower concentrations of drugs, cell growth is gradually inhibited. In this process, different degrees of apoptosis began to appear, and the number of apoptotic cells gradually increased with the extension of the action time of the drug within a certain period of time, but when the effect of the drug reached a certain level, the number of apoptotic cells began to decrease Finally, the cells die gradually.
The effect of oridonin on the induction of apoptosis of lung cancer SPCA-21 cells and the change of its telomerase activity may be intrinsically related. It is speculated that there may be the following situations: (1) In the course of the action of the drug, the activity of telomerase decreases first, and then apoptosis occurs. (2) The telomerase activity of cells is down-regulated after apoptosis. (3) Drug-induced cell apoptosis and telomerase activity reduction are two separate processes and two mechanisms of action for drugs. (4) The changes of apoptosis and telomerase activity may be controlled by some same mechanism.
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