The running distance is getting longer and longer, and the running environment is becoming more and more wild. This seems to be a trend.
From the beginning of the lap in the playground to the marathon between the high-rise buildings in the city... Gradually, the contradiction between the increasing challenge of self-limitation and the standard distance of 42.195 kilometers for the marathon has been unable to solve the problem. The runners rushed to the embrace of nature to challenge longer-distance cross-country races.
According to statistics, there were more than 330 domestic cross-country races in 2016 (excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan), with 39 events in 100 kilometers. The number of 100-km events is double that of 2015, and these figures will continue to grow rapidly this year. (Data from 8264.com)
But whether it is the domestic hundreds of games a year, or a variety of foreign competitions, in the general are generally referred to as "cross-country race" or "cross-country race challenge." All are "cross-country races," but the style is different. For example, English names or English translations of foreign competitions are very different:
The Hard Rock Hundred Mile Endurance Run in the United States was last month's 100th hard rock game in the United States.
The Mont Blanc Super Cross-country race across the three countries was originally called: The Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc
We are familiar with the English name of TNF100 Beijing: The North Face Ultra Trail Challenge Beijing
The famous sky races are named: XXX (name) Skyrace
These different names are all determined according to the distance of the event itself, climbing, and other factors. Such naming can even reflect the "style" of a game.
For example, the culture of Dawu Chaotai Tour is very strong.
Origin | European School & American School (Chinese translation of this article is for auxiliary reading, please refer to the original English text)
We roughly classify and extract these different styles of events into two groups:
European-American school
What is the difference between the European and American events on both sides of the Atlantic?
From the point of view of terminology and origin, in some European countries such as the United Kingdom and Ireland, the cross-country race is called "Mountain Running - Mountain Trail Running" or "Fell Running - Hill Trail Running," while in the United States is "Trail Running - Trail running".
These two different terms (the difference between Mountain and Trail) have already explained the differences between the two factions.
European school
The earliest European "Fell Race" was recorded in 1040 (or 1064, a long time ago and could not be determined) and was hosted by the Scottish King Malcolm III in Bremer, with more trail running records. In the 19th century.
At the time, the cross-country race in the European region was more like a game in a community activity. It was often held together with activities such as sprinting and wrestling, and was of a commercial and cultural nature. For example, a cow and a sheep were exhibited while singing and dancing. Ah, the winners of these projects will be respected and loved by the residents.
This is a sheep named Rough Fell Sheep | Grasmere Sports
Can not help but lament European people's honest! The current Grasmere Sports (roughly Grasmere Games) was held at that time and continues to the present.
"Grasmere - Grasmere" school kids are playing games and community games are almost like this
In 1972, the "British Fell Running Championships - British Hill Country Trail Race Championship" was held. Then, according to the altitude and distance, it gradually evolved a "hierarchy system" with strict distance and elevation requirements. Perhaps this is also "European". The historical reason why cross-country running is more “mountainous and more climbingâ€.
Edale Skyline Fell Race
American school
Strictly speaking, "Trail Running" was born in the United States.
In 1905, several members of the "Olympic Club - Olympic Club" from San Francisco founded the Dipsea Inn and hosted a contest called "The Greatest Cross-country Run". The course was run back from a valley. Inns and also gambling who can win the championship of this game.
The games (and possibly gambling) are exciting, so these people decided to do it once a year. In later reports, the game was considered to be the earliest trail running race in the United States.
The term "Trail" in the American "Trail Runing" may be related to various National Park Protection Acts in the United States.
Under the protection of these bills, the track in the national park must obey all kinds of rules, and the requirements of the route must be more stringent. It is not possible to simply “overcast the mountains and the mountains.†Therefore, there are many trails and paths in the route instead of the complete “wild roadâ€. And the word "Trail" is not linked directly to climbing.
Pikes Peak - Pikes Peak, once held an off-road race, the rules are very harsh and the European "Fell" and "Mountain" in the trail running are hills and mountains, all obviously have climbs and drops.
In addition to "terms" and "origins," what is the difference between the two "sects"?
We summed up some events and also found interviews with some of the top runners who had answered this question, as stated below.
What is the difference between European and American schools?
1, the United States sent heavy speed, Europe sent heavy technology
Spanish player Tòfol Castanyer said: “In contrast, American games usually run faster and require less skill. The track is also mostly woodland and it feels like many runners are on the road and the marathon turns. Many runners in Europe have a background in cross-country running."
The European Games climbs are usually higher, which is due to the terrain and the different policies of the two places. French player Andy Symonds said: "Such as Scotland, the terrain is steep and the track is mostly grassland and swamps. Go straight up and down."
2, the United States sent more strict rules
Many U.S. trail races cross national parks. We also mentioned above that there are a large number of laws and regulations in the national park system in the United States that need to be strictly observed, while Europe is not as strict as it is.
It is precisely because of these laws and regulations of the United States and the strict national park protection system that the selection of the track must follow the principle of protecting the habitat of the park, for example, choosing the inner roads of parks that have been restored. If you cross the track and go to those "wild roads", you will be severely punished.
France's Andy Symonds also said: “The European track is usually the simplest and most direct way to go through the mountain. The American track that I came in contact with is sometimes in the 'road network'. The road conditions are good and are more suitable for running, but the technical difficulty is low. some."
Italy's Dolomites Trail Running Traverse PatitucciPhoto
3. The American school is run alone. The European school is more like somebody's carnival.
European-style competitions have been more successful in commercial operations.
Let's take UTMB for example: UTMB was founded in 2003 and there are 6 groups each year for many years. The participation of more than 10,000 people in all groups is very powerful. It has a very significant impact on the entire cross-country industry, and it gradually develops into Asia. . UTMB is often studied as a classic cross-country business case.
In contrast, the United States sent the game to be "small" and somewhat lonely. The Hard Rock 100, which began in 1992, only takes 140 people each year. Every time you see Kilian K, who is alone on the Hard Rock 100 track, sometimes there are really unspeakable friends in the rear of the supply station. Feelings. Of course, the restrictions on the number of participants are also related to the danger of the track.
The above is the difference between European and American schools. Of course, these are not absolute, and the United States also has an extremely difficult track that does not pursue speed.
However, it is precisely because of the variety of "variation" that "cross-country running" has more choices and possibilities, more attractive, so that countless runners go to the embrace of nature after another.
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